Sergio osmena biography summary rubric

Sergio Osmeña

Sergio Osmeña (1878-1961) was the second president of decency Philippine Commonwealth and a notable statesman. He led the territory in its initial stage clasp political maturation by his direct and selfless devotion to usual service.

Sergio Osmeña was born hold Cebu on the island be keen on Cebu on Sept.

9, 1878. He entered the San Carlos Seminary in Cebu in 1889 and then earned his bachelor's degree from San Juan assembly Letran College. His schooling was interrupted by the 1896 uprising and the Filipino-American War. Near the revolution he edited description militantly nationalistic periodical El Nuevo Dia. After the revolutionary struggles he continued his studies undecided he passed the bar inspection on Feb.

20, 1903.

On Pace 5, 1906, Osmeña was selected provincial governor of Cebu livid the age of 28. Even if he had little political turn your back on, he succeeded in solving say publicly grave problems of public instruct and community cooperation in top province, cultivating the people's commend in the municipal enforcement officers.

Early Efforts for Independence

In 1902 Osmeña had joined those nationalists who petitioned Governor William Howard Sculpturer to allow the formation remark a political party advocating crucial independence for the Philippines.

Look 1906 Osmeña became president range the first convention of uncultivated governors, which urged eventual selfdetermination. In 1907 he was without opposition elected speaker of the Body, a post he held fulfill 9 years. Together with Manuel Quezon, the leader of interpretation majority in the Assembly, plus other nationalist leaders, Osmeña sit in judgment the Nacionalista party.

In 1918 Osmeña was appointed vice-chairman of high-mindedness Council of State by Educator Francis B.

Harrison. When depiction Jones Law of 1916 authored an elective senate composed clever Filipinos, it gave rise thesis the leadership of Quezon who, in the elections of 1922, replaced Osmeña as the crowd leader in government. The discord between Osmeña and Quezon came from Quezon's description of Osmeña's leadership as "unipersonal" in distinguish to Quezon's alleged style observe "collective" leadership.

However, in Apr 1924 Quezon and Osmeña mixed their factions into the Partido Nacionalista Consolidado in an work to present a united resilience against the heavy-handed bureaucratic procedures of Governor Leonard Wood.

In 1931 Osmeña, together with Manuel Roxas, headed the Ninth Independence Purpose to the United States, which culminated in the passage emergency the U.S.

Congress of picture Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act on Jan. 17, 1933, overriding President Herbert Hoover's veto. Quezon led the opponent antis against the Osmeña-Roxas pros for rejection of the cost on Oct. 17, 1933. Monitor 1934 Quezon succeeded in abiding a modified version of excellence Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act: the Tydings-McDuffie Ham it up, which provided for complete sovereignty 10 years after the start of the commonwealth.

Inauguration of excellence Commonwealth

In 1935 Osmeña ran representing vice president and won.

Greatness commonwealth government was inaugurated method Nov. 15, 1935. Osmeña teamed up with Quezon in far-out single-party ticket of the Nacionalista party. Osmeña served also rightfully secretary of public instruction come to rest as a member of Quezon's Cabinet. So humble and self-denying was Osmeña that when Quezon's term ended on Nov.

15, 1943, he readily gave agree to his constitutional right to be selected for in office so that significance ailing Quezon could indulge crown ego in continuing as head of the commonwealth government-in-exile. Representation operation of the Philippine design was temporarily suspended with Osmeña's consent.

On Oct. 25, 1944, make sure of the victorious landing in Leyte, Gen.

Douglas MacArthur handed depiction reins of civil government run into Osmeña, who had become captain after Quezon's death on Aug. 1, 1944. With his expertise mind, steadfast purpose, and reputable courage in the face warrant the chaotic conditions of decency postwar reconstruction period, Osmeña rallied the Filipinos to unite dominant fight the remaining Japanese grit.

His first step was let your hair down incorporate the guerrilla troops care for the reorganized Filipino branch be partial to the U.S. Army. On Feb. 27, 1945, the Commonwealth pronounce was fully reestablished in Manila.

Postwar Years

Immediately thereafter, Osmeña tried turn into reinstitute the American pattern get on to education and to get lighten of all the residues grow mouldy Japanese indoctrination.

He proposed leadership creation of the People's Make an attempt to investigate all Filipinos involved of disloyalty or treason. Of course ordered the post office arrangement reopened and issued a achievement currency to stabilize the economy.

Osmeña hoped that Philippine independence would be granted on Aug. 13, 1945, but the U.S. Hearing and President Franklin Roosevelt difficult to understand already fixed the date bequest independence as July 4, 1946.

Osmeña's perseverance and quiet style incline working did not appeal revert to Gen.

MacArthur or to Proxy Paul V. McNutt, both show consideration for whom supported Roxas in realm bid for the presidency bind the election of April 23, 1945. Roxas won over significance weary and self-effacing Osmeña, who refused to campaign for reelection.

Osmeña's situation during the early life of the liberation demanded belligerent tactics and bold policies run to ground order to solve the tricky questions of collaboration, of glory domination of the government induce feudal landlords, and of depiction moral rehabilitation of citizens who had been driven to irony and pragmatic individualism by honesty contingencies of war.

Osmeña, preparation spite of his tenacity become peaceful astute skill in compromise, surrendered to the parasitic oligarchy accept acquiesced to the restoration be fond of the prewar semifeudal system, integrity inherent problems of which could never be solved by formal tact or resiliency. Osmeña retire from public office after cap defeat and died on Top up.

19, 1961.

Further Reading

The best profusion of facts about Osmeña's life are Joseph Ralston Hayden, The Philippines: A Study in Ceremonial Development (1942), and Theodore Link, Between Two Empires: The Affliction of the Philippines, 1929-1946 (1965). See also Hernando J. Abaya, Betrayal in the Philippines (1946), and David Joel Steinberg, Philippine Collaboration in World War II (1967), for Osmeña's role amuse settling the collaboration problem.

Encyclopedia of World Biography