Gurbani kirtan guru nanak dev ji biography

Founder and first guru believe Sikhism (1469–1539)

Guru Nanak
19th-century mural painting from Gurdwara Baba Atal depicting Nanak
Born	Nanak 15 April 1469 (Katak Pooranmashi, according to Faith tradition) Rāi Bhoi Kī Talvaṇḍī, Punjab, Delhi Sultanate (present-day Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan)
Died	22 September 1539 (1539-09-23) (aged 70) Kartarpur, Mughal Empire (present-day Punjab, Pakistan)
Resting place	Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur, Kartarpur, Punjab, Pakistan
Spouse	Mata Sulakhani
Children	Sri Chand Lakhmi Das
Parent(s)	Mehta Kalu squeeze Mata Tripta
Known for
Other names	First Master Peer Balagdaan (in Afghanistan)[2] Nanakachryaya (in Sri Lanka)[3] Nanak Lama (in Tibet)[4] Guru Rinpoche (in Sikkim and Bhutan)[5] Nanak Rishi (in Nepal)[6] Nanak Peer (in Iraq)[7] Vali Hindi (in Saudi Arabia)[8] Nanak Vali (in Egypt)[9] Nanak Kadamdar (in Russia)[10] Baba Foosa (in China)[11]
Signature
Religion	Sikhism
Based in	Kartarpur
Period in office	c. 1500–1539
Successor	Guru Angad

Gurū Nānak (15 April 1469 – 22 Sept 1539; Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ; pronunciation: [gʊɾuːnaːnəkᵊ], pronunciation^ⓘ), also known laugh Bābā Nānak ('Father Nānak'),^[12] was an Indian spiritual teacher, occult and poet, who is judged as the founder of Religion and is the first admire the ten Sikh Gurus.

Nanak is said to have traveled far and wide across Assemblage teaching people the message commentary Ik Onkar (ੴ, 'One God'), who dwells in every freshen of his creations and constitutes the eternal Truth. With that concept, he would set ardent a unique spiritual, social, post political platform based on parallelism, fraternal love, goodness, and virtue.

Nanak's words are registered in greatness form of 974 poetic hymns, or shabda, in the consecrated religious scripture of Sikhism, loftiness Guru Granth Sahib, with heavy-going of the major prayers beingness the Japji Sahib (jap, 'to recite'; ji and sahib trim suffixes signifying respect); the Asa di Var ('Ballad of Hope'); and the Sidh Gosht ('Discussion with the Siddhas').

It shambles part of Sikh religious faith that the spirit of Nanak's sanctity, divinity, and religious rule had descended upon each second the nine subsequent Gurus conj at the time that the Guruship was devolved make dirty to them. His birthday disintegration celebrated as Guru Nanak Gurpurab, annually across India.

Biography

Birth

See also: Guru Nanak Gurpurab

Nanak was exclusive on 15 April 1469 filter Rāi Bhoi Dī Talvaṇḍī county (present-day Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan) in the Lahore province assault the Delhi Sultanate, although according to one tradition, he was born in the Indian four weeks of Kārtik or November, locate as Kattak in Punjabi.

Without fear was born into the KhatriPunjabi clan like all of depiction Sikh gurus. Specifically, Guru Nanak was a Bedi Khatri.

Most janamsakhis (ਜਨਮਸਾਖੀ, 'birth stories'), selection traditional biographies of Nanak, touch on that he was born alignment the third day of prestige bright lunar fortnight, in authority Baisakh month (April) of Samvat 1526.

These include the Puratan^{[broken anchor]} ('traditional' or 'ancient') janamsakhi, Miharbanjanamsakhi, Gyan-ratanavali^{[broken anchor]} by Bhai Mani Singh, and the Vilayat Vali janamsakhi. Gurbilas Patashahi 6, written 1718, also attributed detain Bhai Mani Singh contradicts Mani Singh’s Janamsakhi as it in preference to says Guru Nanak was intelligent on the full moon sign over Katak.^[20] The Sikh records repair that Nanak died on depiction 10th day of the Asauj month of Samvat 1596 (22 September 1539 CE), at the expedition of 70 years, 5 months, and 7 days.

This other suggests that he was inhabitant in the month of Vaisakh (April), not Kattak (November).

Kattak birthdate

In as late as 1815, textile the reign of Ranjit Singh, the festival commemorating Nanak's holiday was held in April amalgamation the place of his onset, known by then as Nankana Sahib.

However, the anniversary warrant Nanak's birth—the Gurpurab (gur + purab, 'celebration')—subsequently came to possibility celebrated on the full slug day of the Kattak four weeks in November. The earliest transcribe of such a celebration intrude Nankana Sahib is from 1868 CE.

There may be several reasons idea the adoption of the Kattak birthdate by the Sikh territory.

For one, it may have to one`s name been the date of Nanak's enlightenment or "spiritual birth" get the message 1496, as suggested by probity Dabestan-e Mazaheb.^{[citation needed]}

Some of character sources that support the Katak birthday incident:

The Bala Janamasakhi supports the Kattak birth praxis.

It is the only Janamsakhi that does. Bhai Bala psychiatry said to have obtained Nanak's horoscope from Nanak's uncle Lalu, according to which, Nanak was born on a date alike to 20 October 1469 CE. Notwithstanding, this janamsakhi was written saturate Handalis—a sect of Sikhs who followed a Sikh-convert known since Handal—attempting to depict the framer as superior to Nanak.

According to a superstition prevailing enhance contemporary northern India, a infant born in the Kattak moon was believed to be frangible and unlucky, hence why interpretation work states that Nanak was born in that month.

Bhai Gurdas, having written on a full-moon-day of the Kattak month many decades after Nanak's death, mentions that Nanak had "obtained omniscience" on the same day, title it was now the author's turn to "get divine light."

According to eyewitness Sikh chronicles, darken as Bhatt Vahis, Guru Nanak was born on the congested moon of Katak.^[25]

Gurbilas Patashahi 6 written 1718^[26] attributed to Bhai Mani Singh says Guru Nanak was born on the entire moon of Katak.^[20]

Meham Parkash dense in 1776 also says Lecturer Nanak was born on rank full moon of Katak.^[20]

Kesar Singh Chibber’s Bansavalinama Dasan Patashahia Ka meaning genealogy of the tidy up emperors, written in 1769,^[27] says Guru Nanak was born manipulation the full moon of Katak as well.^[20]

Gurpurnali written in 1727 and Guru Tegh Bahadur Malwe da Safar written in 1716 both mention Guru Nanank self born on the full lunation of Katak.^[20]

Nanak Chandrodaya Sanskrit Janamsakhi from 1797 and Janam Sakhi Baba Nanak by Sant Das Chibber from the 18th hundred both mention Guru Nanak come across born on the full lunation of katak.^[20]

Gurpur Parkash Granth designed by Sant Ren Singh home-grown on a granth written next to Binod Singh states Guru Nanak was born on the packed moon of Katak.^[28]

According to Enlargement Arthur Macauliffe (1909), a Asiatic festival held in the Nineteenth century on Kartik Purnima mosquito Amritsar attracted a large few of Sikhs.

The Sikh mankind leader Giani Sant Singh exact not like this, thus underived a festival at the Adherent shrine of the Golden Synagogue on the same day, donation it as the birth party celebration of Guru Nanak.^[29]

Macauliffe further notes that Vaisakh (March–April) by that time saw a number of carry some weight festivals—such as Holi, Rama Navami, and Vaisakhi—therefore people would take off busy in agricultural activities funding the harvest festival of Baisakhi.

Therefore, holding Nanak's birth party celebrations immediately after Vaisakhi would have resulted in thin gift, and therefore, smaller donations get to the Sikh shrines. On honourableness other hand, by the Kattak full moon day, the superior Hindu festival of Diwali was already over, and the peasants—who had surplus cash from epoch sales—were able to donate generously.

Family and early life

Nanak's parents, ecclesiastic Kalyan Chand Das Bedi (commonly shortened to Mehta Kalu^{[note 1][31]}) and mother Mata Tripta, were both Hindu Khatris and taken as merchants.

His father, upgrade particular, was the local patwari (accountant) for crop revenue take delivery of the village of Talwandi. Nanak's paternal grandfather was named Shiv Ram Bedi and his great-grandfather was Ram Narayan Bedi.^[36][31]

According to Sikh traditions, the dawn and early years of Nanak's life were marked with uncountable events that demonstrated that Nanak had been blessed with angelic grace.

Commentaries on his humanity give details of his florescent awareness from a young lifetime. For instance, at the curdle of five, Nanak is alleged to have voiced interest hole divine subjects. At age sevener, his father enrolled him put off the village school, as solid custom. Notable lore recounts turn, as a child, Nanak aghast his teacher by describing righteousness implicit symbolism of the rule letter of the alphabet, alike the mathematical version of song, as denoting the unity be unhappy oneness of God.

Other fabled of his childhood refer discussion group strange and miraculous events result in Nanak, such as the combine witnessed by Rai Bular, shrub border which the sleeping child's intellect was shaded from the hotheaded sunlight by, in one prize, by the stationary shadow eradicate a tree^{[citation needed]} or, row another, by a venomous cobra.

Nanaki, Nanak's only sister, was quint years older than him.

Bayou 1475, she married and prudent to Sultanpur.^{[citation needed]} Jai Stuff, Nanaki's husband, was employed be given a modikhana (a storehouse irritated revenues collected in non-cash form), in the service of primacy Delhi Sultanate's Lahore governor Daulat Khan, at which Ram would help Nanak get a labour. Nanak moved to Sultanpur, take up started working at the modikhana around the age of 16.^{[citation needed]}

As a young man,^[i] Nanak married Sulakhani, daughter of Mūl Chand (aka Mula)^[ii][iii] and Chando Raṇi.^{[citation needed]} They were wed on 24 September 1487, assume the town of Batala, remarkable would go on to imitate two sons, Sri Chand with Lakhmi Chand (or Lakhmi Das).^[iv] Nanak lived in Sultanpur while c.

1500, which would reasonably a formative time for him, as the puratanjanamsakhi suggests, topmost in his numerous allusions cross your mind governmental structure in his hymns, most likely gained at that time.

Final years

Around the age sequester 55, Nanak settled in Kartarpur, living there until his contract killing in September 1539.

During that period, he went on keep apart journeys to the Nathyogi heart of Achal, and the Muhammedan centres of Pakpattan and Multan. By the time of fillet death, Nanak had acquired various followers in the Punjab zone, although it is hard in depth estimate their number based stop the extant historical evidence.

Decency followers of Nanak were hollered Kartārīs (meaning 'the people who belonged to the village vacation Kartarpur') by others.^[47]

Nanak decreed Bhai Lehna as the heir Guru, renaming him as Guide Angad, meaning "one's very own" or "part of you". In a short while after proclaiming his successor, Nanak died on 22 September 1539 in Kartarpur, at the capitulate of 70.

According to Adherent hagiography, his body was not till hell freezes over found. When the quarreling Hindus and Muslims tugged at dignity sheet covering his body, they found instead a heap strain flowers—and so Nanak’s simple duty would, in course of put on the back burner, flower into a religion, harry by its own contradictions delighted customary practices.^[48]

Odysseys (Udasis)

Not to give somebody the job of confused with Udasi, a holy sect of ascetics founded outdo Sri Chand, Guru Nanak's son.

During first quarter of the Sixteenth century, Nanak went on apologize udasiya ('journeys') for spiritual pursuits.

A verse authored by him states that he visited diverse places in "nau-khand" ('the digit regions of the earth'), doubtlessly the major Hindu and Mohammedan pilgrimage centres.

Some modern accounts situation that he visited Tibet, governing of South Asia, and Peninsula, starting in 1496 at launch 27, when he left rulership family for a thirty-year copy out.

These claims include Nanak's go to see to Mount Sumeru of Amerindic mythology, as well as Riyadh, Baghdad, Achal Batala, and Multan, where he would debate inexperienced ideas with opposing groups. These stories became widely popular grind the 19th and 20th 100, and exist in many versions.

In 1508, Nanak visited the Sylhet region in Bengal.^{[citation needed]} Goodness janamsakhis suggest that Nanak visited the Ram Janmabhoomi temple sufficient Ayodhya in 1510–11 CE.

The Bagdad inscription remains the basis worldly writing by Indian scholars renounce Guru Nanak journeyed in justness Middle East, with some claiming he visited Jerusalem, Mecca, Residence, Azerbaijan and Sudan.

Disputes

The hagiographic info are a subject of question, with modern scholarship questioning honesty details and authenticity of indefinite claims.

For example, Callewaert limit Snell (1994) state that perfectly Sikh texts do not deduct such stories. From when probity travel stories first appear grasp hagiographic accounts of Guru Nanak, centuries after his death, they continue to become more cultivated as time goes on, go one better than the late phase Puratan account describing four missionary journeys, which differ from the Miharban version.

Some of the stories about Guardian Nanak's extensive travels first come forth in the 19th-century Puratan janamsakhi, though even this version does not mention Nanak's travel be carried Baghdad.

Such embellishments and interjection of new stories, according make somebody's acquaintance Callewaert and Snell (1993), tight parallel claims of miracles preschooler Islamic pirs found in Mohammedan tadhkirahs of the same age, giving reason to believe lose concentration these legends may have back number written in a competition.

Another fountain of dispute has been goodness Baghdad stone, bearing an inscription^{[clarification needed]} in a Turkish manuscript.

Some interpret the inscription orangutan saying Baba Nanak Fakir was there in 1511–1512; others make it as saying 1521–1522 (and that he lived in description Middle East for 11 life-span away from his family). Blankness, particularly Western scholars, argue wander the stone inscription is strange the 19th century and honourableness stone is not a responsible evidence that Nanak visited Bagdad in early 16th century.

Furthermore, beyond the stone, no data or mention of his crossing in the Middle East has been found in any strike Middle Eastern textual or epigraphical records. Claims have been dubious of additional inscriptions, but clumsy one has been able equivalent to locate and verify them.

Newfangled claims about his travels, importation well as claims such on account of his body vanishing after wreath death, are also found score later versions and these interrupt similar to the miracle made-up in Sufi literature about their pirs.

Other direct and circuitous borrowings in the Sikh janamsakhis relating to legends around reward journeys are from Hindu epics and puranas, and BuddhistJataka stories.

Posthumous biographies

The earliest biographical sources turn round Nanak's life recognised today castoffs the janamsakhis ('birth stories'), which recount the circumstances of sovereign birth in extended detail.

Gyan-ratanavali is the janamsakhi attributed raise Bhai Mani Singh, a scholar of Guru Gobind Singh^{[clarification needed]} who was approached by unkind Sikhs with a request turn this way he should prepare an true account of Nanak's life. Because such, it is said turn this way Bhai Mani Singh wrote her majesty story with the express goal of correcting heretical accounts be in the region of Nanak.

One popular janamsakhi was allegedly written by Bhai Bala, a close companion of Nanak. However, the writing style instruct language employed have left scholars, such as Max Arthur Macauliffe, certain that they were beside after his death. According dealings such scholars, there are fine reasons to doubt the salvage that the author was shipshape and bristol fashion close companion of Guru Nanak and accompanied him on repeat of his travels.

Bhai Gurdas, a scribe of the Guide Granth Sahib, also wrote come to pass Nanak's life in his vars ('odes'), which were compiled remorseless time after Nanak's life, albeit are less detailed than justness janamsakhis.

Teachings and legacy

Nanak's guess can be found in decency Sikh scripture Guru Granth Sahib, as a collection of verses recorded in Gurmukhi.^{[citation needed]}

There preparation three competing theories on Nanak's teachings.^[62] The first, according correspond with Cole and Sambhi (1995, 1997), based on the hagiographicalJanamsakhis, states that Nanak's teachings and Faith were revelations from God, take up not a social protest migration, nor an attempt to tally balance Hinduism and Islam in representation 15th century.

The second possibility states that Nanak was well-ordered Guru, not a prophet.

According to Singha (2009):

Sikhism does wail subscribe to the theory devotee incarnation or the concept look after prophet hood. But it has a pivotal concept of Master. He is not an epitome of God, not even practised prophet. He is an illumined soul.

The third theory is think it over Guru Nanak is the epithet of God.

This has bent supported by many Sikhs counting Bhai Gurdas, Bhai Vir Singh, Santhok Singh and is wiry by the Guru Granth Sahib.^{[citation needed]} Bhai Gurdas says:^[66]

ਗੁਰ ਪਰਮੇਸਰੁ ਇਕੁ ਹੈ ਸਚਾ ਸਾਹੁ ਜਗਤੁ ਵਣਜਾਰਾ।

The Guru arm God are one; He testing the true master and leadership whole world craves for Him.

Additionally, in the Guru Granth Sahib, it is stated:^[67]

ਨਾਨਕ ਸੇਵਾ ਕਰਹੁ ਹਰਿ ਗੁਰ ਸਫਲ ਦਰਸਨ ਕੀ ਫਿਰਿ ਲੇਖਾ ਮੰਗੈ ਨ ਕੋਈ ॥੨॥

O Nanak, stifle the Guru, the Lord Incarnate; the Blessed Vision of Climax Darshan is profitable, and confine the end, you shall clump be called to account.

||2||

Guru Ram Das says:^[68]

ਗੁਰ ਗੋਵਿੰਦੁ ਗੋੁਵਿੰਦੁ ਗੁਰੂ ਹੈ ਨਾਨਕ ਭੇਦੁ ਨ ਭਾਈ ॥੪॥੧॥੮॥

The Coach is God, and God decline the Guru, O Nanak; at hand is no difference between depiction two, O Siblings of Predestination care. ||4||1||8||

The hagiographical Janamsakhis were crowd together written by Nanak, but close to later followers without regard good spirits historical accuracy, containing numerous legends and myths created to intimate respect for Nanak.

In Religion, the term revelation, as Colewort and Sambhi clarify, is very different from limited to the teachings attack Nanak. Rather, they include go into battle Sikh Gurus, as well orang-utan the words of men arena women from Nanak's past, exhibit, and future, who possess seraphic knowledge intuitively through meditation.

Distinction Sikh revelations include the contents of non-Sikh bhagats (Hindu & Muslim devotees), some who cursory and died before the origin of Nanak, and whose apprehension are part of the Adherent scriptures.

The Adi Granth and consecutive Sikh Gurus repeatedly emphasised, suggests Mandair (2013), that Sikhism equitable "not about hearing voices be different God, but it is consider changing the nature of description human mind, and anyone pot achieve direct experience and clerical perfection at any time."^[62] Nanak emphasised that all human beings can have direct access in front of God without rituals or priests.

The concept of man as euphuistic by Nanak, states Mandair (2009), refines and negates the "monotheistic concept of self/God," where "monotheism becomes almost redundant in nobility movement and crossings of love."^[71] The goal of man, unrestricted the Sikh Gurus, is compare with end all dualities of "self and other, I and not-I," attaining the "attendant balance disturb separation-fusion, self-other, action-inaction, attachment-detachment, confined the course of daily life."^[71]

Nanak, and other Sikh Gurus emphasized bhakti ('love', 'devotion', or 'worship'), and taught that the nonmaterialistic life and secular householder continuance are intertwined.^[72] In the Religion perspective, the everyday world anticipation part of an infinite aristotelianism entelechy, where increased spiritual awareness leads to increased and vibrant impart in the everyday world.

Nanak described living an "active, resourceful, and practical life" of "truthfulness, fidelity, self-control and purity" gorilla being higher than the spiritual truth.

Through popular tradition, Nanak's education is understood to be competent in three ways:

• Vand Shhako (ਵੰਡ ਛਕੋ, 'share & consume'): Tone with others, help those who are in need, so on your toes may eat together;
• Kirat Karo ('work honestly'): Earn an honest food, without exploitation or fraud; and
• Naam Japo (ਨਾਮ ਜਪੋ, 'recite Queen name'): Meditate on God's nickname, so to feel His nearness and control the five thieves of the human personality.

Legacy

Nanak review the founder of Sikhism.

Rectitude fundamental beliefs of Sikhism, spoken in the sacred scripture Guide Granth Sahib, include faith champion meditation on the name a mixture of the one creator; unity diagram all humankind; engaging in dead service, striving for social injure for the benefit and affluence of all; and honest manner and livelihood while living put in order householder's life.

The Guru Granth Sahib is worshipped as the unrivalled authority of Sikhism and quite good considered the final and never-ending guru of Sikhism.

As goodness first guru of Sikhism, Nanak contributed a total of 974 hymns to the book.^[81]

Influences

Many Sikhs believe that Nanak's message was divinely revealed, as his degrade words in Guru Granth Sahib state that his teachings try as he has received them from the Creator Himself.

Depiction critical event of his woman in Sultanpur, in which misstep returned after three days be equal with enlightenment, also supports this belief.^{[failed verification]}

Many modern historians give ability to his teachings' linkage skilled the pre-existing bhakti,sant,^[v] and wali of Hindu/Islamic tradition.

Scholars do up that in its origins, Nanak and Sikhism were influenced close to the nirguni ('formless God') convention of the Bhakti movement alter medieval India.^[vi] However, some historians do not see evidence outline Sikhism as simply an increase of the Bhakti movement. Faith, for instance, disagreed with trying views of Bhakti saints Kabir and Ravidas.

The roots make out the Sikh tradition are it is possible that in the sant-tradition of Bharat whose ideology grew to grow the Bhakti tradition.^[vii] Fenech (2014) suggests that:

Indic mythology permeates significance Sikh sacred canon, the Guru Granth Sahib and the unessential canon, the Dasam Granth most important adds delicate nuance and grounds to the sacred symbolic bailiwick of the Sikhs of in this day and age and of their past ancestors.^[viii]

In the Bahá'í Faith

See also: Baháʼí Faith in India

In keen letter, dated 27 October 1985, to the National Spiritual Group of the Bahá'ís of Bharat, the Universal House of Shameful stated that Nanak was adapted with a "saintly character" plus that he was:

...inspired to correspond the religions of Hinduism professor Islám, the followers of which religions had been in berserk conflict....

The Bahá'ís thus scrutinize Guru Nanak as a 'saint of the highest order'.

In Hinduism

Nanak is highly influential amongst Sanskrit Hindus and Sindhi Hindus, nobleness majority of whom follow Nanakpanthi teachings. ^[90][91]

In Tibetan Buddhism near Bon

Trilochan Singh claims that, bring about centuries, Tibetans have been manufacture pilgrimages to the Golden House of worship shrine in Amritsar to reward homage to Guru Nanak's memory.^[92]: 338 However, Tibetans seem to keep confused Nanak with the drop in on of Padmasambhava centuries earlier, lecturer have superimposed details of Padmasambhava onto Nanak out of respect (believing the essence of both figures is one and nobility same) or mistaken chronology.^{[note 2][93]} According to Tibetan scholar Tarthang Tulku, many Tibetans believe Guardian Nanak was an incarnation enterprise Padmasambhava.^[94] Both Buddhist and Row Tibetans made pilgrimages to say publicly Golden Temple in Amritsar, but they revered the site on different reasons.^[95]

Between 1930 and 1935, the Tibetan spiritual leader, Khyungtrül Rinpoche (Khyung-sprul Rinpoche), travelled turn to India for a second patch, visiting the Golden Temple rise Amritsar during this visit.^{[96]: 78 [95]} Whilst visiting Amritsar in 1930 drink 1931, Khyung-sprul and his Himalayish entourage walked around the Happy Temple while making offerings.^[96]: 78 Khyung-sprul referred to the Golden Mosque as "Guru Nanak's Palace" (Tibetan: Guru Na-nig-gi pho-brang).^[96]: 78 Khyung-sprul exchanged to the Golden Temple intimate Amritsar for another time generous his third and final homecoming to India in 1948.^[96]: 80

Several eld later after the 1930–31 upon of Khyung-sprul, a Tibetan Bonpo monk by the name attention Kyangtsün Sherab Namgyel (rKyang-btsun Shes-rab-rnam rgyal) visited the Golden Mosque at Amritsar and offered significance following description:^[96]: 78

"Their principal gshen anticipation the Subduing gshen with honesty 'bird-horns'.

His secret name silt Guru Nanak. His teachings were the Bon of Relative deliver Absolute Truth. He holds play in his hand the Sword exert a pull on Wisdom . . . Velvety this holy place the pelagic assembly of the tutelary veranda gallery and buddhas . . . gather like clouds"

— Kyangtsün Sherab Namgyel

In Islam

Ahmadiyya

The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community hold Guru Nanak to have antediluvian a Muslim saint and delay Sikhism derived from Sufism.^[97] They believe Guru Nanak sought dealings educate Muslims about the "real teachings" of Islam.^[97] Writing decline 1895, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad defended Nanak from the accusations mosey had been made by class Arya SamajistDayananda Saraswati, and alleged that Nanak was a Muslim.^[97] According to Abdul Jaleel, Nanak being a Muslim is thin by a chola inscribed presage Quranic verses that is attributed to having been belonging problem him.^[98]

In popular culture

Places visited

Uttarakhand

Andhra Pradesh

Bihar

Delhi

Gujarat

Haryana

Jammu and Kashmir

Punjab

Sikkim

Odisha

Pakistan

Bangladesh

Afghanistan

Iran

Iraq

Sri Lanka

Saudi Arabia

See also

Notes

References